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Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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Choose the appropriate tests in the investigation of the root causes of irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine (colon). It is characterized by a group of symptoms related to the digestive system and can significantly impact a person's quality of life. IBS is a chronic condition and can vary in severity from person to person.

IBS is primarily identified by its symptoms, which can include:

  • Abdominal pain and discomfort: Typically, relieved after a bowel movement.
  • Bloating: Feeling of fullness and gassiness in the abdomen.
  • Changes in bowel habits: IBS can lead to diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between the two.
  • Urgency: A sudden and urgent need to have a bowel movement.
  • Mucus in stool: Sometimes, there may be mucus in the stool, but not blood.

Classification: IBS is classified into four main subtypes based on the predominant bowel habit:

  • IBS-D (Diarrhea-Predominant): Frequent loose stools and urgency.
  • IBS-C (Constipation-Predominant): Difficulty passing stools and infrequent bowel movements.
  • IBS-M (Mixed): Alternating between diarrhea and constipation.
  • IBS-U (Unspecified): Symptoms do not clearly fit into any of the above categories.

IBS is a complex condition with multiple contributing factors. Functional medicine approaches irritable bowel syndrome by considering the underlying imbalances in the body that may contribute to the condition. Functional medicine tests can help identify potential contributing factors and guide personalized treatment strategies.

  • Gut Dysbiosis: Imbalances in the gut microbiota can contribute to IBS symptoms.
  • Food Sensitivities: Sensitivities to certain foods or food components can trigger IBS symptoms.
  • Digestive Dysfunction: Impaired digestive function, such as low stomach acid or poor enzyme production, can affect nutrient absorption and lead to gastrointestinal symptoms.
  • Leaky Gut Syndrome: Increased intestinal permeability, often referred to as "leaky gut," can allow toxins and undigested food particles to enter the bloodstream, potentially triggering an immune response and contributing to IBS symptoms.
  • Stress and Psychological Factors: Stress, anxiety, and other psychological factors can exacerbate IBS symptoms.
  • Hormonal Imbalances: Hormonal fluctuations, particularly in women, can influence IBS symptoms.
  • Toxin Exposure: Exposure to environmental toxins, including certain heavy metals or chemicals, can impact gut health and contribute to IBS symptoms.
  • Infections and Microbial Overgrowths: Infections, such as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), can mimic IBS symptoms.
  • Nutritional Deficiencies: Nutritional deficiencies can exacerbate IBS symptoms and affect overall health. Functional medicine may involve assessing nutrient status and addressing deficiencies through dietary changes or supplements.
  • Autoimmune and Inflammatory Factors: In some cases, autoimmune processes or chronic inflammation in the gut may contribute to IBS.

Functional medicine takes a holistic and patient-centered approach, considering the individual's unique history, genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors when determining root causes and developing treatment plans.

 

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