Stool chemical analysis is a comprehensive diagnostic tool used to evaluate stool composition. This analysis measures the levels of stool water, fat, protein, carbohydrates, and starch. It helps diagnose gastrointestinal disorders, malabsorption syndromes, and other digestive issues.
The primary purpose of stool chemical analysis is to assess the digestive and absorptive functions of the gastrointestinal tract. By analyzing the chemical composition of stool, healthcare providers can identify abnormalities that may indicate conditions such as malabsorption, pancreatic insufficiency, and certain metabolic disorders.
Stool chemical analysis is indicated for patients presenting with symptoms such as chronic diarrhea, unexplained weight loss, steatorrhea (fatty stools), and other signs of malabsorption. It also monitors patients with known gastrointestinal disorders and evaluates treatment effectiveness.
Components Analyzed
- Water Content: Measures the amount of water in the stool. High water content can indicate diarrhea, while low water content may suggest constipation or dehydration.
- Fat: Quantifies the amount of fat in the stool. Elevated levels of fat, known as steatorrhea, can indicate malabsorption conditions such as celiac disease, chronic pancreatitis, or cystic fibrosis.
- Protein: Assesses the presence of protein in the stool. High protein levels can indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, protein-losing enteropathy, or inflammation of the intestines.
- Carbohydrates: Measures the levels of carbohydrates (sugars) in the stool. Increased carbohydrate levels can indicate carbohydrate malabsorption, such as lactose intolerance.
- Starch: Evaluate the amount of undigested starch in the stool. Elevated starch levels can indicate issues with digestion or absorption, often related to pancreatic insufficiency or other digestive disorders.
Several factors, including dietary intake, medication use, and other gastrointestinal conditions, can influence the accuracy of stool chemical analysis.
