Serum pyruvate transaminase measurement is used to diagnose liver disease and monitor the effects of hepatotoxic drugs.
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Pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme found in the kidneys, heart, and skeletal muscles, mainly in the liver. It acts as a catalyst in the reaction to produce amino acids. SGPT is evaluated with Aspartate Aminotransferase (Oxalacetic Transaminase) (SGOT/AST) to monitor liver damage. The values of the two transaminases usually exist in a ratio of approximately 1:1. The value of SGOT is higher than SGPT in alcohol-induced hepatitis, cirrhosis, and metastatic liver cancer. SGPT is higher than SGOT in the case of viral or drug-induced hepatitis. The degree of increase in the level of transaminases provides information on the possible cause of the problem. A twofold increase in their values usually indicates biliary obstruction, while a 10-fold increase in SGOT and SGPT usually indicates hepatitis.
Possible Interpretations of Pathological Values
- Increase: Biliary obstruction, bone metastases, cholestasis, cirrhosis, congestive heart failure, eclampsia, hepatic ischemia, hepatic necrosis, hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, liver cancer, muscle inflammation, obesity, pancreatitis, pulmonary infarction, Reye's syndrome, shock, injury. Medications that can increase SGPT levels are many and include ACE inhibitors, paracetamol, antiepileptics, antibiotics, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, estrogens, ferrous sulfate, heparin, interferons, lipid-lowering agents, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, salicylates, thiazides
Important Note
Laboratory test results are the most critical parameter for diagnosing and monitoring all pathological conditions. Between 70 to 80% of diagnostic decisions are based on laboratory tests. Correctly interpreting laboratory results allows a doctor to distinguish "healthy" from "diseased."
Laboratory test results should not be interpreted from the numerical result of a single analysis. Test results should be analyzed based on each case and family history, clinical findings, and the results of other laboratory tests and information. Your physician should explain the importance of your test results.
At Diagnostiki Athinon, we answer any questions you may have about the test you perform in our laboratory and contact your doctor to ensure you receive the best possible medical care.
